Answer
The apostle Peter is the author of 1 Peter, one of the books bearing his name. The opening introduces Peter as “an apostle of Jesus Christ” (1 Peter 1:1).
In the Gospels, Peter comes across as being the most expressive of the Twelve, and he is arguably the most famous. Peter, James, and John comprised Jesus’ inner circle. Peter delivered the first sermon after the Holy Spirit’s descent (Acts 2:14–26). Peter remained a significant figure in the early church until his death.
In writing 1 Peter, the apostle addressed “God’s elect” and “exiles” (1 Peter 1:1–2). These believers were a community of Christians who were scattered across Asia Minor due to persecution. Peter, who was with Silas when he wrote 1 Peter, aimed to encourage the suffering Christians (1 Peter 5:12). Major themes of 1 Peter include holiness, enduring unjust suffering, love, and honorable conduct among unbelievers.
Critics often challenge Peter’s authorship of 1 Peter due to his background as a Galilean fisherman. They argue that the author writes in a sophisticated manner and seems well-versed in rhetoric and philosophy. However, Peter explicitly mentions Silas’ assistance: “With the help of Silas, whom I regard as a faithful brother, I have written to you briefly” (1 Peter 5:12). Also, Peter was more than a simple fisherman. As a Christian leader, he was devoted to learning. His speech on the day of Pentecost reveals a learned man, filled with the Spirit.
Another objection to Peter’s authorship of 1 Peter concerns the timing of widespread persecution of Christians. Some critics argue that it began during the reign of Emperor Domitian, after Peter’s death. However, lesser persecution was evident right from the church’s infancy, as recorded in the book of Acts (for example, Acts 4:1–3). Further debate surrounds the use of the word Babylon (1 Peter 5:13), possibly as a code word for “Rome,” but the precise meaning of Peter’s reference remains ambiguous.
There is positive evidence for the authenticity of Petrine authorship of 1 Peter. First is the explicit mention of Peter in the salutation. Scholars who support the traditional authorship have also highlighted similarities between the epistle and Peter’s speech in Acts. Second, several church fathers express support for the traditional authorship. These include Irenaeus, Clement, Origen, and Tertullian.
Unjust suffering leaves us perplexed, especially when we face persecution for our faith. Casual interactions on social media today can escalate into anti-Christian tirades. As biblical Christianity becomes the minority in the West, challenges will increase. Peter’s epistle encourages us to push through the troubles, recognizing the temporary nature of suffering and the hope that comes in eternity.
